Deforestation is probably the first form of environmental impact that mankind has implemented on the planet. Already the Carthaginians, Phoenicians and Greeks began to transform their territories, and even the Roman Empire was the protagonist of large-scale deforestation in Europe that left a deep furrow in the heart of the Old Continent. Thanks to nature's ability to regenerate itself and the decline of these civilisations, there was a recovery of the forests until the end of the 19th century, when with the First Industrial Revolution everything changed in the blink of an eye. Forests are not only the great lungs of the planet. Studies in recent decades have revealed the innumerable functions of trees and forests for the health of the Earth and all living things. Indeed, they regulate the climate (just think of the immense masses of moisture released by the Amazon jungle that determine rainfall in much of the Atlantic ocean), capture CO2 mitigating the effects of this greenhouse gas, produce oxygen, prevent soil erosion, regulate the water cycle, create habitats for flora and fauna generating biodiversity, and are an important economic resource to be used sustainably.